アメリカ合衆国の「デジタル窃盗抑止及び著作権損害賠償改善法案」
（仮訳）
翻訳：夏井高人
これは，アメリカ合衆国の106回議会において提出され，1999年7月1日に上院において可決，下院に送付された連邦著作権法一部改正法案である「デジタル窃盗抑止及び著作権損害賠償改善法案」（S 1257ES）の仮訳です。誤訳もあるかもしれません。ご注意ください。
なお，この法案のオリジナル・テキストは，
http://thomas.loc.gov/home/thomas2.html
で入手することができます。
S 1257 ES
106th CONGRESS
1st Session
合衆国法典第17編の法定損害賠償の規定を改正する法案
SECTION 1. 略 称
本法は，「1999年デジタル窃盗抑止及び著作権損害賠償改善法（Digital Theft Deterrence and Copyright Damages Improvement Act of 1999）」として引用することができる。
SEC. 2. 法定損害賠償の拡張
合衆国法典第17編第504条(c)号は，次のとおり改正される。
(1) (1)において，
(A) 「500ドル」を削除し，「750ドル」を挿入し，そして，
(B) 「20,000ドル」を削除し，「30,000ドル」を挿入する。
(2) (2)において，
(A) (2)の後に(A)を挿入する。
(B) 「100,000ドル」を削除し，「150,000ドル」を挿入する。
(C) 第２文の後に次のとおり挿入する。
「(B) その侵害行為が故意による侵害行為の繰り返しパターンまたは常套手段の一部であるということを著作権者が証明する訴訟事件においては，裁判所は，１著作物毎に250,000ドルを上回らない合計額の範囲内で，法定損害賠償額を増額して認容することができる。」
(D) 「裁判所は，法定損害賠償額を軽減しなければならない。」を削除し，次のとおり挿入する。
「(C) 裁判所は，法定損害賠償額を軽減しなければならない。」
AN ACT
To amend statutory damages provisions of title 17, United States Code.
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the `Digital Theft Deterrence and Copyright Damages Improvement Act of 1999'.
SEC. 2. STATUTORY DAMAGES ENHANCEMENT.
Section 504(c) of title 17, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1)--
(A) by striking `$500' and inserting `$750'; and
(B) by striking `$20,000' and inserting `$30,000'; and
(2) in paragraph (2)--
(A) by inserting `(A)' after `(2)';
(B) by striking `$100,000' and inserting `$150,000';
(C) by inserting after the second sentence the following:
`(B) In a case where the copyright owner demonstrates that the infringement was part of a repeated pattern or practice of willful infringement, the court may increase the award of statutory damages to a sum of not more than $250,000 per work.'; and
(D) by striking `The court shall remit statutory damages' and inserting the following:
`(C) The court shall remit statutory damages'.
Section 504 of title 17, United States Code
Sec. 504. Remedies for infringement: Damages and profits
(a) In General. - Except as otherwise provided by this title, an infringer of copyright is liable for either -
(1) the copyright owner's actual damages and any additional profits of the infringer, as provided by subsection (b); or
(2) statutory damages, as provided by subsection (c).
(b) Actual Damages and Profits. - The copyright owner is entitled to recover the actual damages suffered by him or her as a result of the infringement, and any profits of the infringer that are attributable to the infringement and are not taken into account in computing the actual damages. In establishing the infringer's profits, the copyright owner is required to present proof only of the infringer's gross revenue, and the infringer is required to prove his or her deductible expenses and the elements of profit attributable to factors other than the copyrighted work.
(c) Statutory Damages. -
(1) Except as provided by clause (2) of this subsection, the copyright owner may elect, at any time before final judgment is rendered, to recover, instead of actual damages and profits, an award of statutory damages for all infringements involved in the action, with respect to any one work, for which any one infringer is liable individually, or for which any two or more infringers are liable jointly and severally, in a sum of not less than $500 or more than $20,000 as the court considers just. For the purposes of this subsection, all the parts of a compilation or derivative work constitute one work.
(2) In a case where the copyright owner sustains the burden of proving, and the court finds, that infringement was committed willfully, the court in its discretion may increase the award of statutory damages to a sum of not more than $100,000. In a case where the infringer sustains the burden of proving, and the court finds, that such infringer was not aware and had no reason to believe that his or her acts constituted an infringement of copyright, the court in its discretion may reduce the award of statutory damages to a sum of not less than $200. The court shall remit statutory damages in any case where an infringer believed and had reasonable grounds for believing that his or her use of the copyrighted work was a fair use under section 107, if the infringer was: (i) an employee or agent of a nonprofit educational institution, library, or archives acting within the scope of his or her employment who, or such institution, library, or archives itself, which infringed by reproducing the work in copies or phonorecords; or (ii) a public broadcasting entity which or a person who, as a regular part of the nonprofit activities of a public broadcasting entity (as defined in subsection (g) of section 118) infringed by performing a published nondramatic literary work or by reproducing a transmission program embodying a performance of such a work.
Copyright (C) 1999 Takato NATSUI, All rights reserved.
最終更新日：Aug/14/1999