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Comments on Lecture 16 "Impossible Motion"

Comment 1. Answer to the Quiz

The question is "what is the true shape of the object in the first image?"

The second image shows the same object seen from another angle. The object consists of four vertical walls with many rectangular holes. The two walls in the front side are rectangular and are connected at the right angle. The two rear walls, on the other hands, are parallelelograms instead of rectangles, and are connected at the center in such a way that it is protruding toward the viewer. This makes the impossible motion possible.


Comment 2. Constructin Kits of Impossible Motion Objects

We can construct paper objects from the diagrams of unfolded surfaces. We have shown antigravity slopes in Lecture 2. Other impossible motion objects can be found in the following books. The first four contain diagrams printed on hard sheets of paper with perforation.


3D Trick Art Construction Kit Book (K. Sugihara, Kinno Hoshi Sha Publisher)
It includes four objects, one of which is an impossible motion objects with two windows through which a rod can penetrate in a unfamiliar orientations.


3D Trick Art Construction Kit Book 2 (K. Sugihara, Kinno Hoshi Sha Publisher)
It includes four objects, one of which is the ring motion with a pole and four perches shown at the beginning of the lecture.


3D Trick Art Construction Kit Book 3 (K. Sugihara, Kinno Hoshi Sha Publisher)
It includes four objects, one of which is an object consisting of two walls with windows through which a rod can petetrate.


Trick Ojbect Constructin Kit Book (K. Sugihara, Nagaoka Shoten Publiser)
It contains plastic kits for four objects, one of which is a four-column object through which a rod goes through unnaturally.


The following are books including diagrams of unfolded surfaces of 3D objects. We need to make copies onto hard paper for construction.


Strange Objects (K. Sugihara, Seibundo Shinko Sha Publisher)
It contains twenty diagrams. Four of them are impossilbe motion objects of the type of windows and bars.


Very Strange Objects (K. Sugihara, Seibundo Shinko Sha Publisher)
It contains twenty diagrams, including three column-type objects, three window-type objects, two ring-motion objects and two weight-and-string type objects.

Comment 3. Video Shows of Impossible Motion

Each video contains about ten impossible motions.

Comment 4. References on Impossible Motion

K. Sugihara: A characterization of a class of anomalous solids. Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2 (2005), pp. 149--156.
K. Sugihara: Design of solids for antigravity motion illusion. Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications, vol. 47 (2014), pp. 675-682.
K. Sugihara: A single solid that can generate two impossible motion illusions. Perception, vol. 43, no. 9 (2014), pp. 1001-1005.